Peat-delivering apparatus.



J. MAGKAYE.

FEAT DELIVBRING APPARATUS.

APPLIoA'rIoN FILED 111111120, 1911.

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CDLUMUA PLANOGRAPH cq.. wAsNlNuTaN, D. c.

J. MAGKAYE.

FEAT DELIVERING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20, 1911. 1,053,1 91. Patented Feb. 18, 1913.

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J. MAOKAYE.

PEAT DELIVERING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. zo. 1911.

Patented Feb. 18, 1913.

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J. MAUKAYE.

PEAT DELIVERING APPARATUS.

APPLIGATION FILED MAR. 20, 1911.

1,053,191. Patented Feb. 18,1913.

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W/ i m COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPM co., WASHINGTON. D. C.

J. MAGKAYE.

PEAT DELIVERING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED 11113.20, 1911.

1,053,191. Patented Feb.18,1913.

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'Patented Feb.18,1913.

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JAMES MACKAYE, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PEAT-DELIVERING APPARATUS.

Application filed March 20. 1911.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 18, 1913.

Serial No. 615,577.

To (IN whom t muy concern lie it known that I, JAMES MACKAYE, a citizen of the United States, residing at. Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Peat-Delivering Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a car for transporting peat to and depositing it on a drying-field for the purpose of drying the same.

The problem of converting peat into fuel is primarily the problem of eliminating the contained water, on a large scale, eeonom1- cally; and the car embodying this invention is designed to assist in solving this problem. The car embodying this invention is designed to be propelled to a peatsupply, which may be a bog, where it will be filled with wet peat, which has been previously macerated by a suitable mixer, or otherwise made ready to be delivered to and deposited upon the drying-field. It is then propelled to the drying-field, which may or may not be a specially prepared field, and when there the wet peat is automatically delivered upon the field in the form of blocks suitable for fuel, as the car advances, said blocks being delivered at a good rate of speed and in a position best suited for quick drying. and economy of space on the field. The car may be propelled in any direction over any ordinary field, without the aid of rails. so that the course pursued by the operator in going to and from the peat-supply and in passing over the ield may be according to his judgment. By the car embodying this invention no human labor except to steer the car and determine the points of beginning and of ending the delivering operation is usually required, until the peatl is dry and ready to gather.

The invention has for its object to construct a car with a large peat-carrying capacity. and with suitable propelling-means and steering-means, and also with poweractuated means to automatically deliver the wet peat in the form of blocks. in successive rows, as the ear advances: to provide the block-forming means with a continuous supply of wet peat from the hopper and to operativelv connect the blockforming means with the propelling-means for the car, whereby blocks are automatically produced as the machine advances which are of a predetermined size according to the distance traveled by the machine regardless of its speed; to construct and arrange the block-delivering-uleans whereby the blocks are elongated in form and are deposited on the field on end. to thereby expose to the air as large a surface as possible, and at the same time to occupy but little space on the field, so that on a field of a given area a large number of blocks may be arranged to dry: to utilize plungers and dies in forming the blocks. as plungers can be mechanically operated easily and quickly; to provide means to doti1 or detach the blocks from the ends of the plungers. so that they will be uniform in shape and size and the full capacity of the plungers obtained, for without such provision the blocks would usually stick to the ends of the plungers and fragmentary portions only. such as might drop by gravity, would be delivered: to provide means especially adapted to feed the wet peat into the path of movement of the plunso thateach plunger. upon each operation. will do its full duty.

The apparatus hereinafter described is practically operative. but many changes and improvements in detail of ccnstruction are possible without in any way departing from my invention.

Figure l is a side elevation of a peat-delivering apparatus embodying this invention. Fig. Q is a horizontal section of the apparatus shown in Fig. Yl. taken on the dotted line Q-2- Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. taken on the dotted line 3*'3. Fig. el is an enlarged rear elevation of a plungerhead in connection with the bottom wall of the plunger-box. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the plunger-head taken on the dotted line Fig. 4, the dotfer-plates. however, being in horizontal position. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the plunger-head, the dotierplates being in horizontal position. Fig. T is a sectional detail of the plunger-head. the doffer-plates being shown in vertical position, which position they will occupy when the plunger-head is at the lower end of its stroke. Fig. 8 is a similar detail of the plunger-head, the doH"e1plates being shown in horizontal position, which position they will occupy when the plunger-head is at the upper end of its stroke. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the plunger-head with the dotier-plates in vertical position and the, abutment which is engaged by the doiferplates to move them into horizontal position. Fig. 10 is a detail of a portion of the upper feeding-device. Figs. 11 to 1l inclusive are details of the lower feeding-device. Figs. 15 to 1l) are details of a modified form of dotfer-plate which may be employed.

ln the embodiment of my invention here shown, for purposes of illustration, A represents a car-body or receptacle` of large capacity, supported on a platform, A', mounted on trucks A2, A3, bearing caterpillar-wheels A4 of any usual or suitable construction, or other form of tractionwheels. There may be two rear trucks A2, see dotted lines Fig. 2, arranged in parallel and rigidly attached to the platform, and one front truck A connected to the platform by a swivel u, fixed to a large gear a', which is engaged by a pinion a2, secured to the shaft at of a steering-wheel. The car, thus provided with propelling-means, may be moved about over a field, and to and from the p xat-supply, but my invention is also applicable to a car fitted to run on a railway or having other propelling-means.

In the far here shown a gasolene engine B is employed as the motor, but my invention includes other means of propulsion. Its shaft 7) is arranged in suitable bearings o" on the platform, and said shaft 7) serves as the power-shaft, and will be so considered even though driven b v any other form of motor. The shaft b ordinarily is driven at a high speed.

It is herein designed to propel the car at a comparatively rapid rate of speed forward and backward` as for instance, when going to and from the peat-supply or moving` about from place to place, and to propel the car at a slow rate of speed when .noving over the drying-field and depositing thereon the wet peat. In carrying out this part of my invention means are arranged between the power shaft 7) and the drivingaxle z adapted to be thrown into and out of action as desired. Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, two belt pulleys b2 and b2 are loosely mounted on the power-shaft b, which are separately adapted to be connected therewith, as by clutches b4, 725,' and belts bs, bl, one of which as L7 is crossed, pass from said pulleys around pulleys o8. 7), secured to a horizontal shaft L10, suitably supported above the platform, and a bevel-gear 512 is secured to said shaft blo, which engages a bevel-gear 512 secured to a downward, rearvardly extended shaft ou. which has secured to it a small bevel-gear 7915, which engages a large bevel-gear om, secured to the driving-axle z. Vhen the belt-pulley b2 is connected with the power-shaft the axle i is revolved in a forward direction and when the belt-pulley b3 is connected with the power-shaft the axle L is revolved in a backward direction, thus propelling the apparatus forward and backward and at a high rate of speed. lhen the apparatus is thus propelled, the other power-actuated mechanisms which are driven from the powershaft I) are not comlected with said shaft, and hence remain idle. The apparatus may thus be propelled to and from the peat-supply or moved about at will, with considerable speed. The intermediate shaft Z210 also has secured to it` a spur-gear .7)17 which is engaged by a smaller spur-gear o, loosely mounted on a horizontal shaft c, and which is adapted to be connected with said shaft by a clutch c, and said shaft c is herein the slow speed shaft and has secured to it a large bevel-gear c2, which engages a small bevel-gear c3 secured to a shaft (A. having secured to it a bevel-gear (f5. which engages a bevel-gear c, mounted loosely on the power-shaft l) and adapted to be connected with said power-shaft by a clutch c7. lVhen the clutch c is operated to connect the spurgear bis with the shaft c, and the clutch c? is operated to connect the bevel-gear c with the power-shaft b the intermediate shaft 510 will be revolved and the axle L in turn revolved in a forward direction, thus propelling the apparatus forward at a slow speed. The shaft C is also employed to drive the peat-delivering means, as will be hereinafter described, so that when the apparatus is being propelled forward at a slow speed as above described the peat-delivering means will be operated.

The peat which is delivered by the machine embodying this invention is in a plastic condition. It has been previously pulverized by a machine and allowed to drain and stiften somewhat, and has the properties of a very viscous liquid, and, owing to its viscosity will not usually flow through a hole of say less than twenty or thirty square inches in cross sectional area. In this condition it will hold its form, yet may be easily manipulated. This plastic peat is placed in the car-body or receptacle A, and said body has an inclined bottom, so that the mass of peat flows or moves downward, and the lower end of said body is formed as a compartment c, here termed the plungerbox, into which the peat passes. Said plunger-box extends downward and terminates near the surface of the drying-field, and is preferably made the full width of the car-body. In its bottom wall c a row of orifices (f2 are formed, which serve as dies through which the peat is forced, said orifices being of such small arca in cross-section that the peat will not tlow through them readily without the pressure of the plungers. Above the row of dies c2 a plungingdevice, here shown as comprising a set of plungers, is arranged, which is vertically movable in the plunger-box. The plungers are of special construction on account of the particular work which they perform.

Referring to Figs. 3 to 9 inclusive, p represents the head of one of the plungers, the others being like it, and said head is secured to a vertically arranged plungerrod p', passing through vertical holes in horizontal bars p2, p3, arranged one above the other and stationarily supported, and also through holes in the top of the plungerbox. The several plunger-rods p are connected together at their upper ends by a cross-bar p4, thus forming a plunger-frame, with each plunger-head disposed centrally above its corresponding die or die-opening. The plunger-frame is reciprocated vertically by a revolving shaft f, and, as here shown, said shaft has several double cranks f, connected by links f2, with the cross-bar p4, of said plunger-frame. The crank-motion thus provided for the plungers enables them to move up and down easily and quickly and to dwell for short periods of time at the upper and lower ends of the stroke and such motion is very effective for the purposes intended.

The shaft f is operatively connected with the propelling-means for the apparatus, so as to operate conjunctively therewith, and, as here shown, said shaft f has at each end a bevel-gear f3 which is engaged by a bevelgear f", secured to a shaft f5, having thereon a bevel-gear f6, which engages a bevelgear f7, secured to the shaft c. Thus, when said shaft c is caused to revolve b v being thrown into operative connection with the power-shaft and the propelling-means is being operated at a slow rate of speed, said shaft f will be revolved. The shaft f is revolved to move the plunger-frame with respect to the advancing movement of the car. so that the plungers will be operated to project blocks or sections of wet peat through the die-openings for delivery at uniform distances apart, although preferably quite near together, so as to occupy but little space on the drying-field.

Then in the best condition for forming well shaped blocks the peat is very sticky. and if the plunger-heads are constructed like ordinary die-punches, the blocks will stick to them. and in such event only fragmentary portions thereof will ordinarily be deposited, causing an irregular and chaotic deposition, which is not only detrimental to rapid drying, but does not form a convenient and uniform fuel. To prevent the stickingof the blocks of peat to the plunger-heads. each plunger-head is provided with detachingmeans or dofl'ers especially designed to be operated to detach the peat-blocks. As shown in Figs. 4 to 9, each plunger-head has four downwardly extended projections 79, arranged at the four corners of a quadrangular head, and at the extremities of said projections a pair of doffer-plates p12, p12,

are provided, which, together are substantially coeXtcnsive with the area of the plunger-head, to thus normally close the space between said projections, and form a peatengaging end portion on the plunger. Said dott'er-plates are mounted loosely on horizontal pivot-shafts ,013, two in number, held by said projections. Said dolt'er-plates are free to be moved on their pivots from a horizontal to a vertical position, and vice versa, thus moving in a vertical plane. and their movements from a horizontal to a vertical position are employed to suddenly detach the block from the plunger-head, to snap it off, so to speak. In this way the top of the peat block is positively removed from the surface to which it is adhering, without giving it any other surface to attach itself to except the edges of the doffers which cannothold it. The plungers work up and down in the peat in the plunger-box, and in the form here shown it is designed and intended that the doffer-plates shall occupy a horizontal position at the beginning of and during the down stroke, so as to move the peat below them and force it through the dies, and then to move into vertical position at the lower end of the down stroke to detach the peat blocks, and to remain in vertical position during the up-stroke until approaching the end thereof, when they are returned to horizontal position. To move said doffer-plates they are provided each with a curved arm yf extended outwardly from the plungerhead, saidarms being here shown as having convex upper faces and conca. ve under faces. From the stationary guide-bar 712. abutments p21 depend, which are arranged to be engaged by the convex faces of the arms p20. as the plungers approach the upper ends of their 11p-strokes` and by engagement therewith the dofer-plates are turned on their pivots, moving from a vertical to a horizontal position. As each plunger-head is provided with two doffcr-plates there will be two abutments p21, for each plunger-head, but owing to the close proximity of the several plunger-heads the arms p20 extending from the (iOffer-plates are staggered with respect to each other. so that a single abutment p21 may be made wide enough to be engaged by the arms on the doffer-platcs of two adjacent plungers, as shown in Figs. 3 and S). The edges 7922 of the dieopenings serve as abutments to be engaged by the under sides of the doH'er-arms 712, at thev lower end of the down-stroke; to turn the dottor-plates on their pivots and move them from a horizontal to a vertical position, as shown in Fig. 7. As the plungers move rapidly, the dofler-plates will be moved suddenly with the result that the peat blocks will be quickly detached or snapped off, and fully and completely formed bricks will fall upon the drying-field. The distance they will fall will be short so that their shape will be preserved.

ll'hen the cloffe1}')lates are moved into horizontal position they strike a yielding stop p24, see Fig. S, here shown as a llatr spring attached at its upper end to a plunger-head, and its lower end being formed to be engaged by both plates of the pair, and when the dolfer-plates are moved into vertical position, see Fig. 7. their arms p2 will strike yielding stops p25, p56, which act to limit their movements, they yielding sufficiently to prevent breakage in case the parts should not be correctly adjusted. In face. these yielding stops p25, p2 will permit the arms to pass down into and through the die-openings if necessary.

if desired the modified form of doth-rplates shown in Figs. 15 to 19 may be employed, wherein it will be seen that the plunger-rod is made longer than heretofore described, and is extended downwardV as at p5, the plunger-head itself being omitted, and to the lower end portion of said rod ln3" a pair of plates p51, 7052, are pivotally connected at 7253, each plate being coextensive with one-half of the die-opening` with which the plunger cooperates, so that the two plates when in horizontal position, as represented in Fig. 15, are substantiallyv coextensive with the die-opening. llach plate p51 and 2152 has a lateral extension p5". at one end, which overlies a portion of the other plate when the two plates are in horizontal position, and each extension p5* has an outwardly extended pin p55 for engagement with abutments for the purpose of turning the plates on their pivots at the ends of the up and down strokes. At the end of the tip-stroke of the plunger an abutment p6. similar to the abutment pzh, may be provided, but having its lower end formed with inclined faces p61 for the engagement therewith of the pins p55, on the doffer-plates, to turn the dotfer-plates into horizontal position. On the top of the bottom plate el of the plunger-box` projections )202, having inclined faces may be provided. see Fig. 1G, which serve as abutments. for the engagement of the pins p55 on the doferplates at the end of the down-stroke of the plunger to turn said doffer-plates in an approximately vertical position to detach the block or section of peat. ln said Fig. 1G the plunger is represented in its lowermost position and an elongated block or section of peat is resting beneath it on the field. which has just been detached from the puinger. The lower end of the rod yf extends a slort distance below the doifer-plates, lo I:erve as a stop to limit the movement of the plates, and prevent them from moving into true vertical position, the movements permitted being sutlicent to enable the dotferplates to detach the block. A pin or pins p are arranged on the rod p50, just above the toffer-plates to prevent them from deflection when in operation.

To cause the peat, which is quite stiff, to passl along the car-body or receptacle into the plunger-box e, and into the path of movement of the plungers, feeding-devices are employed. The feeding-device shown particularly in Figs. 2 and 1t), is arranged on the inclined bottom of the car-body and terminates at or near the plunger-box c, and when operated acts to push the peat in a downward direction into the plunger-box. m, represents a set of cross-bars, triangular in cross-section, arranged in parallel relation crosswise the car-body, at the bottom thereof, and secured to a set of longitudinal bars mf, which resty on the inclined bottom of said body, and extend from the plungerbox or thereabout to the top of the carbody and through the upper end wall thereof. Outside of the car-body said longitudinal bars are connected to a cross-bar in?, thus forming a frame adapted to work on the inclined bottom of the car-body. Said frame is reciprocated by power-actuated means, and, as here shown` the crossbar mi is connected by links m3 with doublecranks im* formed in a horizontal shaft mf supported at the top cf the car-body. Said shaft has secured to it a bevel-gear m. which is engaged by a bevel-gear m7 secured to an upright shaft ms having at its lower end a bevel-gear mf which engages a bevelgear m10 loosely mounted on the powershaft Z) and adapted to be connected therewith by a clutch m12. Then the clutch is thrown to connect said bevel-gear m10 with the power-shaft the feeding-device thus described is reciprocated and the triangular cross-bars which are disoosed with their larger ends at the rear, will repeatedly push the peat along the body and into the plunger-box. Another feeding-device may be employed. which is arranged in the plunger-box and below the aforesaid feeding-device, hence said aforesaid feeding-device maybe termed the upper .feedi11g-device.7

The plunger-box feeding-device or lower feeding-device. as it is arranged beneath the aforesaid feeding-device. as here shown, see Figs. 11 to lll. consists of a movable wall or board. extended lengthwise the plungerbox a, from end to end thereof or thereabout. and for. simplicity .of construction the side wall fr of the plunger-box may be utilized for this purpose. it being pivotally supported at its lower end. at t. and movable on its pivots in a direction toward and from the plunger-heads. or in and out. In such case said wall has at its top an extension 152", which is curved transversely. Normally, said wall occupies a position inclined to the left of a perpendicular, see Fig. 13,

and` ismovable into verticalv position, see

Fig. 14,' aiidl'siich moyement.l forces thepeat p, front of, itQbenea'th'.. theY plunger-heads whilehe extension 1t prevents the .peat

frornpavssing downbaclgiof the wall. Said.

or: elsewhere, laterally .eictendedpins t,

which ext-end throughand'workin slots t yin-'said eiid-fwalls,vand`said pins t? are connected. by links t, to crank-arms?, secured to a horizontal shaft t, extended crosswise the apparatus. Said shaft t has secured to it, at eachend, bevel-gears t' which engage bevel-gears t secured to the lower ends of shafts t, having at their upper ends bevelgears t", which engage bevelears t" secured to the shafts f, at points intermediate their lengt-h, and as said shafts revolve said wall t will be reciprocated. Other forms of feeding-devices may be employed in lieu of those here shown, or one or both feedingdevices may be omitted in case the condition of the peat is such as to admit. of it.

It will be observed that all of the clutches b, b, c', and m" are arranged at the forward part of the a paratus and that the clutch c is arranges to be operated by a lever c, which is also arranged at the forward part of the apparatus, so that all of the clutch-levers are within easy reach of the operator who is standing at or near the steering-Wheel2 hence the apparatus is entirely under his control at all times, yet the entire block-forming and delivering-ineaiis is automatically operated, the operator merely determining when to start or to stop them while directing the apparatus over the drying-field.

I claim o 1. A portable peat delivering apparatus comprising a car running on wheels, a reservoir on said car for the peat, a. row of dieo enings at the bottom of said reservoir, a p unging-device arranged above said die openings and. working in the peat in said reservoir to intermittently force eat through said die-o enings in predetermined lengths a doiing-gevice to detach the sections of peat from said plunger device at the end of its downstroke and enlise them to drop from the mechanism to propel t e car by tie tract-ion of its wheels operatively connected to the peatlformng and delivering-mechanism, whereby the rows of peat-sections are dropped intermittently at redetermined intervals as the car moves a ong the field and disconnectin mechanism to permit the car to be propel ed while the forming and delivering-ineclianism is idle and a motor carried by said car for operatin(Y the propelling and peat-forming and deliveringmechanism, substantially as described.

2. In an apparat-us for delivering peat to ap aratus, propellingafdrying-field, the combination of a carbody adapted to contain wet peat for delivery having a plurality of die-openings at the lbottom, a plunging-device arranged above the die-o nings adapted to work in theV peat in sai body and to force the peat through the die-openings when depressed, and means to reciprocate 'said plungingdevice,- substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus for delivering peat to a dryinv-field, the combination of a carbody adoapted to contain a supply of wetpeat having an inclined bottom and a compartment at the lower end of said inclined ottom into which the peat is delivered continuously, said compartment having a plurality of die-openings at the bottom, a plunging-device arranged above the dieopenings adapted to work in the peat in said body and to force the peat through the die-openings, and means to reciprocate said plunUing-device, subsfantiall as described.

4. n an apparatus for delivering peat to a drying-field, the combination of a carbody and propelling-means therefor, said car-body having a plurality of dic-openingsl through which the peat is forced by a plnngA ing-device arranged over said die-openings, the plunging-device and means to move it up and (Town, and means arranged on the plungiiig-device to coact with other means on the down-stroke of said device to suddenly detach the sections of peat from said device at the end of its down stroke, substantially as described.

5. In an apparatus for delivering peat to a drying-field, the combination of a car-body and propelling-means therefor, said carbody having a plurality of die-openings through which the peat is forced by a plunging-device, the plunging-device and neans to move it up and down, dofers borne by said lunging-device and means to operate said offers during the last part of the. down stroke of the plunging-device to suddenly detach the sections of )eat from said device, substantially as described.

6. In an a paratus for delivering peat to a drying-fiel the combination of a car-body and propelling-means therefor, said carbody having a plurality of dic-openingsI through which the peat is forced by u plnngA ing-device, the plunging-device, and means to move it up and down, doficrs borne by said plunging-device and means to operate said doffers during the last part of the down-stroke of the plunging-device to 5nddenly detach the sections of peat from said device and to return the do'ers to their normal iosition on the lip-stroke of the plungingevice, substantially as described.

7. In an apparatus for delivering peat to a drying-field, the combination of a carbody and propelling-means therefor, said car-body having a plurality of die-openings vthe peat bloc engaged by said arms on the up and down -'heads,` substantially as described. A

` aratus for delivering peat to 8; Inana li) the combination of a carbody) and propellin -means`therefor, said caro y dy having a p uralit of die-o enings through which the peat is orccd in t ie form of blocks, a plurality of plunger-heads arranged in said body above the die-opeiiinirs to work in the eat contained in said bo y and act when epressed to force the peat through the die-openin means to recipro# cate said plunger-hea s, doters connected to the plunger-heads arranged to coact with other means durin the fast part of the down-stroke of saidieads to detach the peat blocks from the ends of the heads, substantially as described.

9. In an apparatus for delivering peat to a drying-fiel the combination of a carbody and propelling-means therefor, a plurality of dies through which the peat is forced bypower-actuated plungers, in the form of blocks, the power-actiiated plungers and pivotall supported doiers to detach having arms, and abutments movements of the plungers to move the do`ers on their pivots, substantially as described.

10. In an aparatus for delivering peat to a drying-tie the combination of a. carbody und propelling-means.therefor, a piuralit-y of dies through which the peat is forced by power-actuated plungers, in the form of blocks, the ower-actuated lungeis, n pair of doti'er-p ates, substant-ia ly coex- `te'ns'ive':with the end of each plunger-head and-'pivotally connected thereto, having arms, andabutm'ents` engaged by said arms on'the u and down movements of the plunger-hea to move the dotl'er-plates'on their pivots and yielding stops for said plates, substantially as described.

11. In an apparatus for delivering peat to a drying-field, tlie combination of a carbody and propelling-means therefor, a plurality of dies through which the peat is forced by power-actuated plungers in the form of blocks, the power-actuated plungers und a pair of doti`er-plates substantially coextensive with the end of each plunger and pivotally connected thereto, and means to move said dofi'er-plates on their pivots, silhstantially as described.

12. In an ap )aratus for delivering peat to a dryingJieldl, the combination of a caibody having a plunger-box, dies and a coperati'ng plunger-device to force the peat from said box, and a reciprocating feedingdevice arranged iii said plunger-box mo\- able in a direction toward and from the plunging-device to force the peat into the downward path of movement. of said plunger-device, substantially as described.

13. In an apparatus for delivering peat to a drying-field, the combination of a cai body having a plunger-box, and dies and a co eratino lunger-deiice to force the eat rom said ox, one wall of said box being movable in a direction toward and from the plunger-device to repeatedly force the peat beneath the plunger-device, and means to move said wall, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES MACKAYE.

ivitnesses B. J. Norms, H. B. Davis.

Uopies of this patent may be obtained lor tive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner ot Patents,

Washington, D. C." l 

